现代网络广泛使用防火墙,导致传统路由跟踪工具发出的(ICMP应答(ICMP echo)或UDP)数据包都被过滤掉了,所以无法进行完整的路由跟踪。尽管如此,许多情况下,防火墙会准许反向(inbound)TCP数据包通过防火墙到达指定端口,这些端口是主机内防火墙背后的一些程序和外界连接用的。通过发送TCP SYN数据包来代替UDP或者ICMP应答数据包,tcptraceroute可以穿透大多数防火墙。

下载链接:http://down./data/161567
>>去网络安全工具百宝箱看看其它安全工具
一、LIBPCAP:
下载:libpcap
http://down./data/161564 下载 libpcap-0.8.3.tar.gz
安装:
- tar zxvf ~lonen/Testing-pt/libpcap-0.8.3.tar.gz
 - ./configure --without-flex --without-bison --prefix=/usr/local/libpcap
 
二、LIBNET:
下载:libnet
http://down./data/161565 下载libnet-1.0.2a.tar.gz
安装:
- tar zxvf ~lonen/Testing-pt/libnet-1.0.2a.tar.gz
 - ln -s Libnet-1.0.2a/ libnet
 - cd libnet/
 - ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libnet
 - make
 - more README
 - make install; make supp;make util
 - make install
 - make supp
 
三、TCPTRACEROUTE:
下载:tcptraceroute
http://down./data/161567 下载1.5.tar.gz
阅读安装帮助,牢记,养成阅读英文的习惯,工作效率也能够提高很多。真正的心得。
- [root@soft tcptraceroute-1.5beta7]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/tcptraceroute \
 - > --with-libpcap=/usr/local/libpcap \
 - > --with-libnet=/usr/local/libnet \
 - > --enable-static
 - make;make install
 - [root@soft bin]# cp tcptraceroute /bin/
 - [root@soft bin]# tcptraceroute --help
 - tcptraceroute 1.5beta7
 - Copyright (c) 2001-2006 Michael C. Toren
 - Updates are available from http://michael.toren.net/code/tcptraceroute/
 - Usage: tcptraceroute [-nNFSAE] [-i
 ] [-f ] - [-l
 ] [-q ] [-t ] - [-m
 ] [-pP] ] [-s ] - [-w
 ] [destination port] [packet length] 
- -n
 - Display numeric output, rather than doing a reverse DNS lookup for each hop. By default, reverse lookups are never attempted on RFC1918
 - address space, regardless of the -n flag.
 - -N
 - Perform a reverse DNS lookup for each hop, including RFC1918 addresses.
 - -f
 - Set the initial TTL used in the first outgoing packet. The default is 1.
 - -m
 - Set the maximum TTL used in outgoing packets. The default is 30.
 - -p
 - Use the specified local TCP port in outgoing packets. The default is to obtain a free port from the kernel using bind(2). Unlike with traditional
 - traceroute(8), this number will not increase with each hop.
 - -s
 - Set the source address for outgoing packets. See also the -i flag.
 - -i
 - Use the specified interface for outgoing packets.
 - -q
 - Set the number of probes to be sent to each hop. The default is 3.
 - -w
 - Set the timeout, in seconds, to wait for a response for each probe. The default is 3.
 - -S
 - Set the TCP SYN flag in outgoing packets. This is the default, if neither -S or -A is specified.
 - -A
 - Set the TCP ACK flag in outgoing packets. By doing so, it is possible to trace through stateless firewalls which permit outgoing TCP connections.
 - -E
 - Send ECN SYN packets, as described in RFC2481.
 - -t
 - Set the IP TOS (type of service) to be used in outgoing packets. The default is not to set any TOS.
 - -F
 - Set the IP "don't fragment" bit in outgoing packets.
 - -l
 - Set the total packet length to be used in outgoing packets. If the length is greater than the minimum size required to assemble the necessary probe
 - packet headers, this value is automatically increased.
 - -d
 - Enable debugging, which may or may not be useful.
 - -i 指定接口,网络接口
 - -f 起初第几条开始,比如5,开始显示第5跳的结果
 - -l traceroute包的长度
 - -q 查询的数字号
 - -t tos
 - -m ***的TTL
 - -s 源地址,如果服务器有两块网卡,就可以采用指定-s的源地址路由,在所有的tracert/traceroute都 有这样的基本功能
 - -w等待的时间
 - host 指定要TRACEROUTE的一个IP或者是域名 www.bloghacker.cn
 
#p#
四、真是有效的测试记录对比:
- [root@soft ~]# traceroute -w 2 -q 1 -f 5 www.singtel.com.sg
 - traceroute to www.singtel.com.sg (203.208.248.10), 30 hops max, 38 byte packets
 - 5 219.158.4.66 (219.158.4.66) 27.322 ms
 - 6 219.158.3.198 (219.158.3.198) 27.664 ms
 - 7 203.208.151.17 (203.208.151.17) 92.729 ms
 - 8 GigabitEthernet6-0.sngtp-ar2.ix.singtel.com (203.208.183.19) 108.016 ms
 - 9 202.160.250.226 (202.160.250.226) 83.829 ms
 - 10 203.208.232.50 (203.208.232.50) 91.525 ms
 - 11 203.208.232.57 (203.208.232.57) 83.972 ms
 - 12 *
 - 13 *
 - 14 *
 - 15 *
 - 16 *
 - 17 *
 - 18 *
 - 19 *
 - 20 *
 - 21 *
 - 22 *
 - 23 *
 - 24 *
 - 25 *
 - 26 *
 - 27 *
 - 28 *
 - 29 *
 - 30 *
 
现在看看tcptraceroute:
- [root@soft ~]# tcptraceroute -f 1 www.singtel.com.sg
 - Selected device eth0, address 61.51.18.130, port 34733 for outgoing packets
 - Tracing the path to www.singtel.com.sg (203.208.248.10) on TCP port 80 (http), 30 hops max
 - 1 61.51.18.1 2.512 ms 1.543 ms 1.783 ms
 - 2 202.96.13.169 1.548 ms 11.025 ms 6.981 ms
 - 3 202.106.192.157 7.470 ms 8.355 ms 4.358 ms
 - 4 219.158.4.65 4.590 ms 5.006 ms 2.284 ms
 - 5 219.158.4.66 26.886 ms 30.142 ms 25.995 ms
 - 6 219.158.3.198 28.820 ms 26.171 ms 28.981 ms
 - 7 203.208.151.17 92.619 ms 92.521 ms 96.665 ms
 - 8 GigabitEthernet6-0.sngtp-ar2.ix.singtel.com (203.208.183.19) 98.351 ms 97.487 ms 97.133 ms
 - 9 202.160.250.226 83.047 ms 83.592 ms 83.252 ms
 - 10 203.208.232.50 91.092 ms 90.978 ms 91.000 ms
 - 11 203.208.232.57 83.049 ms 82.607 ms 82.000 ms
 - 12 203.208.248.10 [open] 83.971 ms 82.609 ms 84.863 ms
 - _____________________________________完成TRACEROUTE
 
五、补充:route的配置静态路由表Linux
route命令主要用于手动配置静态路由表
- #route add net remote_net_ip gateway_ip 1
 
例:增加一条通过网关到达令一子网的路由
其中add代表要增加路由,net表示路由到达的是一个网络而不是一台主机,1代表远端网络需通过网关才能到达
(直接通过网络接口相连时,该参数用0)
命令格式:
- #route add -net remote_net_ip gateway_ip -netmask netmask
 - #route add -host host_ip local_interface_ip -interface
 
六、HPING
1、下载hping 源代码包
wget http://www.hping.org/hping3-20051105.tar.gz
2、安装帮助文档,仔细看看,在LINUX./BSD的环境下完成;
- Linux
 - -----
 - please, follows this steps:
 - $ ./configure (first try ./configure --help)
 - $ vi Makefile (optional)
 - $ make
 - $ su
 - # make install
 - FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD
 - ------------------------
 - You will need the libpcap and the gmake utility installed on your system.
 - $ ./configure
 - $ gmake
 - $ su (or calife)
 - # gmake install
 - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 - NOTE: You should take care about your net/bpf.h file installing on
 - BSD systems (specially with OpenBSD). If your original bpf.h was
 - overwritten with the libpcap one probably hping will not work
 - with over some interface.
 - For example if you use the libpcap bpf.h on OpenBSD hping will
 - not work over PPP interfaces.
 - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
3、正式完成,加载LIBPCAP
- [root@soft hping3-20051105]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/hping --with-libpcap=/usr/local/libpcap
 - make;make install
 
七、其他
                网页题目:Tcptraceroute:基于TCP数据包的路由跟踪器
                
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