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除了应用指标监控以外,它还能对分布式调用链路进行追踪。类似功能的组件还有:Zipkin、Pinpoint、CAT 等。
上几张图,看看效果,然后再一步一步搭建并使用:
SkyWalking 是一个开源监控平台,用于从服务和云原生基础设施收集、分析、聚合和可视化数据。
SkyWalking 提供了一种简单的方法来维护分布式系统的清晰视图,甚至可以跨云查看。它是一种现代 APM,专门为云原生、基于容器的分布式系统设计。
SkyWalking 从三个维度对应用进行监视:
服务和实例就不多说了,端点是服务中的某个路径或者说 URI:
SkyWalking allows users to understand the topology relationship between Services and Endpoints, to view the metrics of every Service/Service Instance/Endpoint and to set alarm rules.
SkyWalking 允许用户了解服务和端点之间的拓扑关系,查看每个服务/服务实例/端点的度量,并设置警报规则。
架构如下图:
SkyWalking 逻辑上分为四个部分:
这个结构就很清晰了,探针就是 Agent 负责采集数据并上报给服务端,服务端对数据进行处理和存储,UI 负责展示。
SkyWalking 有两中版本,ES 版本和非 ES 版。如果我们决定采用 ElasticSearch 作为存储,那么就下载 ES 版本。
- https://skywalking.apache.org/downloads/
 - https://archive.apache.org/dist/skywalking/
 
如上图:
接下来,要选择存储了,支持的存储有:
作为监控系统,首先排除 H2 和 MySQL,这里推荐 InfluxDB,它本身就是时序数据库,非常适合这种场景。但是 InfluxDB 我不是很熟悉,所以这里先用 ElasticSearch7。
- https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/master/docs/en/setup/backend/backend-storage.md
 
①安装 ElasticSearch
链接如下:
- https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.10/targz.html
 
- # 启动
 - ./bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid
 - # 停止
 - pkill -F pid
 
ElasticSearch 7.x 需要 Java 11 以上的版本,但是如果你设置了环境变量 JAVA_HOME 的话,它会用你自己的 Java 版本。
通常,启动过程中会报以下三个错误:
- [1]: max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65535]
 - [2]: max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]
 - [3]: the default discovery settings are unsuitable for production use; at least one of [discovery.seed_hosts, discovery.seed_providers, cluster.initial_master_nodes] must be configured
 
解决方法:在 /etc/security/limits.conf 文件中追加以下内容。
- * soft nofile 65536
 - * hard nofile 65536
 - * soft nproc 4096
 - * hard nproc 4096
 
可通过以下四个命令查看修改结果:
- ulimit -Hn
 - ulimit -Sn
 - ulimit -Hu
 - ulimit -Su
 
修改 /etc/sysctl.conf 文件,追加以下内容:
- vm.max_map_count=262144
 
修改 ES 配置文件 elasticsearch.yml 取消注释,保留一个节点:
- cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]
 
为了能够 ip:port 方式访问,还需修改网络配置:
- network.host: 0.0.0.0
 
修改完是这样的:
至此,ElasticSearch 算是启动成功了。一个节点还不够,这里用三个节点搭建一个集群。
192.168.100.14 config/elasticsearch.yml:
- cluster.name: my-monitor
 - node.name: node-1
 - network.host: 192.168.100.14
 - http.port: 9200
 - discovery.seed_hosts: ["192.168.100.14:9300", "192.168.100.15:9300", "192.168.100.19:9300"]
 - cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]
 
192.168.100.15 config/elasticsearch.yml:
- cluster.name: my-monitor
 - node.name: node-2
 - network.host: 192.168.100.15
 - http.port: 9200
 - discovery.seed_hosts: ["192.168.100.14:9300", "192.168.100.15:9300", "192.168.100.19:9300"]
 - cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]
 
192.168.100.19 config/elasticsearch.yml:
- cluster.name: my-monitor
 - node.name: node-3
 - network.host: 192.168.100.19
 - http.port: 9200
 - discovery.seed_hosts: ["192.168.100.14:9300", "192.168.100.15:9300", "192.168.100.19:9300"]
 - cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]
 
同时,建议修改三个节点 config/jvm.options:
- -Xms2g
 - -Xmx2g
 
依次启动三个节点:
- pkill -F pid
 - ./bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid
 
接下来,修改 skywalking下config/application.yml 中配置 es 地址即可:
- storage:
 - selector: ${SW_STORAGE:elasticsearch7}
 - elasticsearch7:
 - nameSpace: ${SW_NAMESPACE:""}
 - clusterNodes: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES:192.168.100.14:9200,192.168.100.15:9200,192.168.100.19:9200}
 
②安装 Agent
地址如下:
- https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/v8.2.0/docs/en/setup/service-agent/java-agent/README.md
 
将 agent 目录拷贝至各服务所在的机器上:
- scp -r ./agent chengjs@192.168.100.12:~/
 
这里,我将它拷贝至各个服务目录下:
plugins 是探针用到各种插件,SkyWalking 插件都是即插即用的,可以把 optional-plugins 中的插件放到 plugins 中。
修改 agent/config/agent.config 配置文件,也可以通过命令行参数指定。主要是配置服务名称和后端服务地址:
- agent.service_name=${SW_AGENT_NAME:user-center}
 - collector.backend_service=${SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES:192.168.100.17:11800}
 
当然,也可以通过环境变量或系统属性的方式来设置,例如:
- export SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES=127.0.0.1:11800
 
最后,在服务启动的时候用命令行参数 -javaagent 来指定探针:
- java -javaagent:/path/to/skywalking-agent/skywalking-agent.jar -jar yourApp.jar
 
例如:
- java -javaagent:./agent/skywalking-agent.jar -Dspring.profiles.active=dev -Xms512m -Xmx1024m -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
 
修改 webapp/webapp.yml 文件,更改端口号及后端服务地址:
- server:
 - port: 9000
 - collector:
 - path: /graphql
 - ribbon:
 - ReadTimeout: 10000
 - # Point to all backend's restHost:restPort, split by ,
 - listOfServers: 127.0.0.1:12800
 
启动服务:
- bin/startup.sh
 
或者分别依次启动:
- bin/oapService.sh
 - bin/webappService.sh
 
查看 logs 目录下的日志文件,看是否启动成功。浏览器访问 :
- http://127.0.0.1:9000
 
编辑 alarm-settings.yml 设置告警规则和通知:
- https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/v8.2.0/docs/en/setup/backend/backend-alarm.md
 
重点说下告警通知:
为了使用钉钉机器人通知,接下来,新建一个项目:
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 4.0.0 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 2.4.0 com.wt.monitor skywalking-alarm 1.0.0-SNAPSHOT skywalking-alarm 1.8 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web com.aliyun alibaba-dingtalk-service-sdk 1.0.1 commons-codec commons-codec 1.15 com.alibaba fastjson 1.2.75 org.projectlombok lombok true org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin 
可选依赖(不建议引入):
org.apache.skywalking server-core 8.2.0 
定义告警消息实体类:
- package com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.domain;
 - import lombok.Data;
 - import java.io.Serializable;
 - /**
 - * @author ChengJianSheng
 - * @date 2020/12/1
 - */
 - @Data
 - public class AlarmMessageDTO implements Serializable {
 - private int scopeId;
 - private String scope;
 - /**
 - * Target scope entity name
 - */
 - private String name;
 - private String id0;
 - private String id1;
 - private String ruleName;
 - /**
 - * Alarm text message
 - */
 - private String alarmMessage;
 - /**
 - * Alarm time measured in milliseconds
 - */
 - private long startTime;
 - }
 
发送钉钉机器人消息:
- package com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.service;
 - import com.dingtalk.api.DefaultDingTalkClient;
 - import com.dingtalk.api.DingTalkClient;
 - import com.dingtalk.api.request.OapiRobotSendRequest;
 - import com.taobao.api.ApiException;
 - import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 - import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
 - import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
 - import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 - import javax.crypto.Mac;
 - import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
 - import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
 - import java.net.URLEncoder;
 - import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
 - import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
 - /**
 - * https://ding-doc.dingtalk.com/doc#/serverapi2/qf2nxq
 - * @author ChengJianSheng
 - * @data 2020/12/1
 - */
 - @Slf4j
 - @Service
 - public class DingTalkAlarmService {
 - @Value("${dingtalk.webhook}")
 - private String webhook;
 - @Value("${dingtalk.secret}")
 - private String secret;
 - public void sendMessage(String content) {
 - try {
 - Long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
 - String stringToSign = timestamp + "\n" + secret;
 - Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
 - mac.init(new SecretKeySpec(secret.getBytes("UTF-8"), "HmacSHA256"));
 - byte[] signData = mac.doFinal(stringToSign.getBytes("UTF-8"));
 - String sign = URLEncoder.encode(new String(Base64.encodeBase64(signData)),"UTF-8");
 - String serverUrl = webhook + "×tamp=" + timestamp + "&sign=" + sign;
 - DingTalkClient client = new DefaultDingTalkClient(serverUrl);
 - OapiRobotSendRequest request = new OapiRobotSendRequest();
 - request.setMsgtype("text");
 - OapiRobotSendRequest.Text text = new OapiRobotSendRequest.Text();
 - text.setContent(content);
 - request.setText(text);
 - client.execute(request);
 - } catch (ApiException e) {
 - e.printStackTrace();
 - log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
 - } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
 - e.printStackTrace();
 - log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
 - } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
 - e.printStackTrace();
 - log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
 - } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
 - e.printStackTrace();
 - log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
 - }
 - }
 - }
 
AlarmController.java:
- package com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.controller;
 - import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
 - import com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.domain.AlarmMessageDTO;
 - import com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.service.DingTalkAlarmService;
 - import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 - import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 - import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
 - import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
 - import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 - import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 - import java.text.MessageFormat;
 - import java.util.List;
 - /**
 - * @author ChengJianSheng
 - * @date 2020/12/1
 - */
 - @Slf4j
 - @RestController
 - @RequestMapping("/skywalking")
 - public class AlarmController {
 - @Autowired
 - private DingTalkAlarmService dingTalkAlarmService;
 - @PostMapping("/alarm")
 - public void alarm(@RequestBody List
 alarmMessageDTOList) { - log.info("收到告警信息: {}", JSON.toJSONString(alarmMessageDTOList));
 - if (null != alarmMessageDTOList) {
 - alarmMessageDTOList.forEach(e->dingTalkAlarmService.sendMessage(MessageFormat.format("-----来自SkyWalking的告警-----\n【名称】: {0}\n【消息】: {1}\n", e.getName(), e.getAlarmMessage())));
 - }
 - }
 - }
 
参考文档:
- https://skywalking.apache.org/
 - https://skywalking.apache.org/zh/\ https://github.com/apache/skywalking/tree/v8.2.0/docs
 - https://archive.apache.org/dist/
 - https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/master/index.html
 - https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.10/modules-discovery-bootstrap-cluster.html
 - https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.10/modules-discovery-hosts-providers.html
 
作者:废物大师兄
编辑:陶家龙
出处:https://urlify.cn/Zfy2ia
                文章名称:自从上了SkyWalking,睡觉真香!!!
                
                标题网址:http://www.csdahua.cn/qtweb/news14/273864.html
            
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