@RequestMapping(value = "/exportWord")
public void exportWord(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
  String templatePath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("") + "/template/税源信息比对.docx"; 
  String fileName = new String("税源信息比对".getBytes("gb2312"), "ISO8859-1") + ".docx";
  /*数据*/
  Map params = new HashMap(); 
  params.put("${name}", "aaaa"); 
  params.put("${sex}", "bbbb");

  TempleWordUtil wordUtil = new TempleWordUtil();

  XWPFDocument doc; 
  InputStream is = new FileInputStream(templatePath);
 // is = getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(templatePath); 
  doc = new XWPFDocument(is);  //只能使用.docx的

  wordUtil.replaceInPara(doc, params); 
  //替换表格里面的变量 
  wordUtil.replaceInTable(doc, params); 
  OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream(); 

  response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel"); 
  response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName); 

  doc.write(os); 

  wordUtil.close(os); 
  wordUtil.close(is); 

  os.flush(); 
  os.close(); 

}

import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.*; 
  
import java.io.*; 
import java.util.Iterator; 
import java.util.List; 
import java.util.Map; 
import java.util.regex.Matcher; 
import java.util.regex.Pattern; 
 
/**
 * 写入word工具类
 * @author z
 *
 */
public class TempleWordUtil {
 
  /** 
   * 替换段落里面的变量 
   * 
   * @param doc  要替换的文档 
   * @param params 参数，导入的数据 
   */ 
  public void replaceInPara(XWPFDocument doc, Map params) { 
    Iterator iterator = doc.getParagraphsIterator(); 
    XWPFParagraph para; 
    while (iterator.hasNext()) { 
      para = iterator.next(); 
      this.replaceInPara(para, params); 
    } 
  } 
  
  /** 
   * 替换段落里面的变量 
   * 
   * @param para  要替换的段落 
   * @param params 参数 
   */ 
  public void replaceInPara(XWPFParagraph para, Map params) { 
    List runs; 
    //Matcher matcher; 
    if (this.matcher(para.getParagraphText()).find()) { 
      runs = para.getRuns(); 
  
      int start = -1; 
      int end = -1; 
      String str = ""; 
      for (int i = 0; i < runs.size(); i++) { 
        XWPFRun run = runs.get(i); 
        String runText = run.toString(); 
        if ('$' == runText.charAt(0)&&'{' == runText.charAt(1)) { 
          start = i; 
        } 
        if ((start != -1)) { 
          str += runText; 
        } 
        if ('}' == runText.charAt(runText.length() - 1)) { 
          if (start != -1) { 
            end = i; 
            break; 
          } 
        } 
      } 
  
      for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) { 
        para.removeRun(i); 
        i--; 
        end--; 
      } 
  
      for (String key : params.keySet()) { 
        if (str.equals(key)) { 
          para.createRun().setText((String) params.get(key)); 
          break; 
        } 
      } 
  
  
    } 
  } 
  
  /** 
   * 替换表格里面的变量 
   * 
   * @param doc  要替换的文档 
   * @param params 参数 
   */ 
  public void replaceInTable(XWPFDocument doc, Map params) { 
    Iterator iterator = doc.getTablesIterator(); 
    XWPFTable table; 
    List rows; 
    List cells; 
    List paras; 
    while (iterator.hasNext()) { 
      table = iterator.next(); 
      rows = table.getRows(); 
      for (XWPFTableRow row : rows) { 
        cells = row.getTableCells(); 
        for (XWPFTableCell cell : cells) { 
          paras = cell.getParagraphs(); 
          for (XWPFParagraph para : paras) { 
            this.replaceInPara(para, params); 
          } 
        } 
      } 
    } 
  } 
  
  /** 
   * 正则匹配字符串 
   * 
   * @param str 
   * @return 
   */ 
  private Matcher matcher(String str) { 
    Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\$\\{(.+?)\\}", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE); 
    Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(str); 
    return matcher; 
  } 
  
  /** 
   * 关闭输入流 
   * 
   * @param is 
   */ 
  public void close(InputStream is) { 
    if (is != null) { 
      try { 
        is.close(); 
      } catch (IOException e) { 
        e.printStackTrace(); 
      } 
    } 
  } 
  
  /** 
   * 关闭输出流 
   * 
   * @param os 
   */ 
  public void close(OutputStream os) { 
    if (os != null) { 
      try { 
        os.close(); 
      } catch (IOException e) { 
        e.printStackTrace(); 
      } 
    } 
  } 
  
}